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? Oak Ridge FACE - publications Oak Ridge Experiment on CO₂ Enrichment of Sweetgum

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Complete List of ORNL Publications on Plant Response to Elevated CO₂

ORNL Publications on Plant and Ecosystem Responses to Climatic Warming

Primary Publications from the ORNL FACE Experiment

2015

Kim K, Labbe N, Warren JM, Elder T, Rials TG. 2015. Chemical and anatomical changes in Liquidambar styraciflua L. xylem after long term exposure to elevated CO₂. Environmental Pollution 198: 179-185.
Walker AP, Zaehle S, Medlyn BE, De Kauwe MG, Asao S, Hickler T, Parton W, Ricciuto D, Wang YP, Wårlind D, Norby RJ. 2015. Predicting long-term carbon sequestration in response to CO₂ enrichment: How and why do current ecosystem models differ? Global Biogeochemical Cycles, DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004995.
Warren JM, Jensen AM, Medlyn BE, Norby RJ, Tissue DT. 2015. Carbon dioxide stimulation of photosynthesis in Liquidambar styraciflua is not sustained during a 12-year field experiment. AoB Plants 7: plu074 doi:10.1093/aobpla/plu074.
2014
De Kauwe MG, Medlyn BE, Zaehle S, Walker AP, Dietze MC, Wang YP, LuoY, Jain AK, El-Masri B, Hickler T, Wårlind D, Weng ES, Parton WJ, Thornton PE, Wang S, Prentice IC, Asao S, Smith B, McCarthy HR, Iversen CM, Hanson PJ, Warren JM, Oren R, Norby RJ. 2014. Where does the carbon go? A model-data intercomparison of vegetation carbon allocation and turnover processes at two temperate forest free-air CO₂ enrichment sites. New Phytologist 203: 883-899. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Walker AP, Hanson PJ, De Kauwe MG, Medlyn BE, Zaehle S, Asao S, Dietze MC, Hickler T, Huntingford C, Iversen CM, Jain AK, Lomas M, Luo Y, McCarthy HR, Parton WJ, Prentice IC, Thornton PE, Wang S, Wang YP, Wårlind D, Weng ES, Warren JM, Woodward FI, Oren R, Norby RJ. 2014. Comprehensive ecosystem model-data synthesis using multiple datasets at two temperate forest free-air CO₂ enrichment experiments: model performance at ambient CO₂ concentration. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 119: 937-964. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Zaehle S, Medlyn BE, De Kauwe MG, Walker AP, Dietze MC, Hickler T, Luo Y, Wang YP, El-Masri B, Thornton P, Jain A, Wang S, Wårlind D, Weng E, Parton W, Iversen CM, Gallet-Budynek A, McCarthy H, Finzi A, Hanson PJ, Prentice IC, Oren R, Norby RJ. 2014. Evaluation of eleven terrestrial carbon-nitrogen cycle models against observations from two temperate Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment studies. New Phytologist 202: 803-822. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
2013
Battipaglia B, Saurer M, Cherubini P, Calfapietra C, McCarthy HR, Norby RJ, Cotrufo MF. 2012. Elevated CO₂ increases tree-level intrinsic water use efficiency: insights from carbon and oxygen isotope analyses in tree rings across three forest FACE sites. New Phytologist 197: 544-554. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
De Kauwe MG, Medlyn BE, Zaehle S, Walker AP, Dietze MC, Hickler T, Jain AK, LuoY, Parton WJ, Prentice C, Smith B, Thornton PE, Wang S, Wang YP, Wårlind D, Weng ES, Crous KY, Ellsworth DS, Hanson PJ, Seok-Kim H, Warren JM, Oren R, Norby RJ. 2013. Forest water use and water use efficiency at elevated CO₂: a model-data intercomparison at two contrasting temperate forest FACE sites. Global Change Biology 19: 1759-1779. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Lynch DJ, Matamala R, Iversen CM, Norby RJ, Gonzalez-Meler MA. 2013. Stored carbon partly fuels fine-root respiration but is not used for production of new fine roots. New Phytologist 199: 420-430. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
2012

Iversen CM, Keller JK, Garten CT Jr., Norby RJ. 2012. Soil carbon and nitrogen cycling and storage throughout the soil profile in a sweetgum plantation after 11 years of CO₂-enrichment. Global Change Biology 18: 1684-1697. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
McMurtrie RE, Iversen CM, Dewar RC, Medlyn BE, Näsholm T, Pepper DA, Norby RJ. 2012. Plant root distributions and nitrogen uptake predicted by a hypothesis of optimal root foraging. Ecology and Evolution 2: 1235-1250. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Wicklein HF, Ollinger SV, Martin ME, Hollinger DY, Lepine LC, Day MC, Bartlett MK, Richardson AD , Norby RJ. 2012. Variation in foliar nitrogen and albedo in response to nitrogen fertilization and elevated CO₂. Oecologia 169: 915-925. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
2011
Garten CT, Iversen CM, Norby RJ. 2011. Litterfall ¹⁵N abundance indicates declining soil nitrogen availability in a free-air CO₂-enrichment experiment. Ecology 92:133-139. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Iversen CM, Hooker TD, Classen AT, Norby RJ. 2011. Net mineralization of N at deeper soil depths as a potential mechanism for sustained forest production under elevated [CO₂]. Global Change Biology17: 1130-1139. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Norby RJ, Zak DR. 2011. Ecological lessons from free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) experiments. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 42: 181-203. [link to online publication]
Warren JM, Norby RJ, Wullschleger SD. 2011. Elevated CO₂ enhances leaf senescence during extreme drought in a temperate forest. Tree Physiology 31: 117-130. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Warren JM, Pötzelsberger E, Wullschleger SD, Hasenauer H, Thornton PE, Norby RJ. 2011. Ecohydrological impact of reduced stomatal conductance in forests exposed to elevated CO₂. Ecohydrology 4: 196-210. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
2010

Iversen CM. 2010. Digging deeper: Fine root responses to rising atmospheric [CO₂] in forested ecosystems. New Phytologist 186: 346-357. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Norby RJ, Warren JM, Iversen CM, Medlyn BE, McMurtrie RE. 2010. CO₂ enhancement of forest productivity constrained by limited nitrogen availability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107: 19368-19373. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Souza L, Belote RT, Kardol P, Weltzin JF, Norby RJ. 2010. CO₂ enrichment increased forest understory biomass and accelerates successional development of an understory community. Journal of Plant Ecology 3: 33-39. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
2009
Austin EE, Castro HF, Sides KE, Schadt CW, Classen AT. 2009. Assessment of 10 years of CO₂ fumigation on soil microbial communities and function in a sweetgum plantation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41:514-520. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]
Franklin O, McMurtrie RE, Iversen CM, Crous KY, Finzi A, Tissue D, Ellsworth D, Oren R, Norby RJ. 2009. Forest fine-root production and nitrogen use under elevated CO₂: Contrasting responses in evergreen and deciduous trees explained by a common principle. Global Change Biology 15: 132-144.   [abstract and link to online publication]

Garten CT Jr, Brice DJ. 2009. Belowground fate of ¹⁵N injected into sweetgum trees (Liquidambar styraciflua) at the ORNL FACE Experiment. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 23: 3094-3100. [abstract and link to online publication]
Natali S, Sañudo-Wilhemy SA, Lerdau M. 2009. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen fertilization on nitrate reductase activity in sweetgum and loblolly pine trees in two temperate forests. Plant and Soil 314: 197-210.   [abstract and link to online publication]

2008
Iversen CM, Ledford J, Norby RJ. 2008. CO₂ enrichment increases carbon and nitrogen input from fine roots in a deciduous forest. New Phytologist 179: 837-847. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Iversen CM, Norby RJ. 2008. Nitrogen limitation in a sweetgum plantation: Implications for carbon allocation and storage. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38: 1021-1032. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

McMurtrie RE, Norby RJ, Medlyn BE, Dewar RC, Pepper DA, Reich PB, Barton CVM. 2008. Why is plant-growth response to elevated CO₂ amplified when water is limiting but reduced when nitrogen is limiting? A growth-optimisation hypothesis. Functional Plant Biology 35: 521-534. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Natali SM, Sañudo-Wilhemy SA, Norby RJ, Zhang H, Finzi AC, Lerdau MT. 2008. Increased mercury in forest soils under elevated carbon dioxide. Oecologia 158: 343-354. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

2007
Finzi AC, Norby RJ, Calfapietra C, Gallet-Budynek A, Gielen B, Holmes WE, Hoosbeek MR, Iversen CM, Jackson RB, Kubiske ME, Ledford J, Liberloo M, Oren R, Polle A, Pritchard S, Zak DR, Schlesinger WH, Ceulemans R. 2007. Increases in nitrogen uptake rather than nitrogen-use efficiency support higher rates of temperate forest productivity under elevated CO₂. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104: 14014-14019. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Monson RK, Trahan N, Rosenstiel TN, Veres P, Moore D, Wilkinson M, Norby RJ, Volder A, Tjoelker MG, Briske DD, Karnosky DF, Fall R. 2007. Isoprene emission from terrestrial ecosystems in response to global change: minding the gap between models and observations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365: 1677-1695. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

2006
Liu Q, Edwards NT, Post WM, Gu L, Ledford J, Lenhart S. 2006. Temperature-independent diel variation in soil respiration observed from a temperate deciduous forest. Global Change Biology 12: 2136-2145. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Iversen CM. 2006. Nitrogen uptake, distribution, turnover, and efficiency of use in a CO₂-enriched sweetgum forest. Ecology 87:5-14. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Wullschleger SD, Hanson PJ, Gunderson CA, Tschaplinski TJ, Jastrow JD. 2006. CO₂ enrichment of a deciduous forest: The Oak Ridge FACE Experiment. pp. 231-251 In Managed Ecosystems and CO₂: Case Studies, Processes, and Perspectives (Nösberger J, Long SP, Norby RJ, Stitt M, Hendrey GR, Blum H, editors). Ecological Studies, Vol. 187. Springer, Berlin. [full text in pdf]

2005
DeLucia EH, Moore DJ, Norby RJ. 2005. Contrasting responses of forest ecosystems to rising atmospheric CO₂: implications for the global C cycle. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19: GB3006. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Jastrow JD, Miller RM, Matamala R, Norby RJ, Boutton TW, Rice CW, Owensby CE. 2005. Elevated atmospheric CO₂ increases soil carbon. Global Change Biology 11:2057-2064. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, DeLucia EH, Gielen B, Calfapietra C, Giardina CP, King JS, Ledford J, McCarthy HR, Moore DJP, Ceulemans R, De Angelis P, Finzi AC, Karnosky DF, Kubiske ME, Lukac M, Pregitzer KS, Scarascia-Mugnozza GE, Schlesinger WH, Oren R. 2005. Forest response to elevated CO₂ is conserved across a broad range of productivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102: 18052-18056. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

2004
Belote RT, Weltzin JF, Norby RJ. 2004. Response of an understory plant community to elevated [CO₂] depends on differential responses of dominant invasive species and is mediated by soil water availability. New Phytologist 161: 827-835. [abstract] | [full text in pdf]

Johnson DW, Cheng W, Joslin JD, Norby RJ, Edwards NT, Todd DE Jr. 2004. Effects of elevated CO₂ on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation. Biogeochemistry 69: 379-403. [abstract] | [full text in pdf]

King JS, Hanson PJ, Bernhardt E, DeAngelis P, Norby RJ, Pregitzer KS. 2004. A multi-year synthesis of soil respiration responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂ from four forest FACE experiments. Global Change Biology 10: 1027-1042. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Matamala R, Gonzàlez-Meler MA, Jastrow JD, Norby RJ, Schlesinger WH. 2004. Response to comment on "Impacts of fine root turnover on forest NPP and soil C sequestration potential". Science 304: 1745d-1745d. [abstract and links at sciencemag.org] | [full text in pdf]

Neher DA, Weicht TR, Moorhead DL, Sinsabaugh RL. 2004. Elevated CO₂ alters functional attributes of nematode communities in forest soils. Functional Ecology 18: 584-591. [pre-publication copy in pdf]

Norby RJ, Ledford J, Reilly CD, Miller NE, O'Neill EG. 2004. Fine-root production dominates response of a deciduous forest to atmospheric CO₂ enrichment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101: 9689-9693. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Sanders NJ, Belote RT, Weltzin JF. 2004. Multi-trophic effects of elevated CO₂ on understory plant and arthropod communities. Environmental Entomology 33: 1609-1616. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Sholtis JD, Gunderson CA, Norby RJ, Tissue DT. 2004. Persistent stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated CO₂ in a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) forest stand. New Phytologist 162: 343-354. [abstract] | [full text in pdf]

2003
Edwards NT, Riggs JS. 2003. Automated monitoring of soil respiration. A moving chamber design. Soil Science Society of America Journal 67:1266-1271. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

George K, Norby RJ, Hamilton JG, DeLucia EH. 2003. Fine-root respiration in a loblolly pine and sweetgum forest growing in elevated CO₂. New Phytologist 160: 511-522.[abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Matamala R, Gonzàlez-Meler MA, Jastrow JD, Norby RJ, Schlesinger WH. 2003. Impacts of fine root turnover on forest NPP and soil C sequestration potential. Science 302: 1385-1387. [abstract and links at sciencemag.org] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Sholtis JD, Gunderson CA, Jawdy SS. 2003. Leaf dynamics of a deciduous forest canopy: no response to elevated CO₂. Oecologia 136:574-584. [abstract] | [full text in pdf]

Sinsabaugh RL, Saiya-Cork K, Long T, Osgood MP, Neher DA, Zak DR, Norby RJ. 2003. Soil microbial activity in a Liquidambar plantation unresponsive to CO₂-driven increases in primary productivity. Applied Soil Ecology 24: 263-271. [full text in pdf]

Zak DR, Holmes WE, Finzi AC, Norby RJ, and Schlesinger WH. 2003. Soil nitrogen cycling under elevated CO₂: A synthesis of forest FACE experiments. Ecological Applications 13: 1508-1514. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

2002
Edwards NT, Tschaplinski TJ, Norby RJ. 2002. Stem respiration increases in CO₂-enriched trees. New Phytologist 155: 239-248. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Gunderson CA, Sholtis JD, Wullschleger SD, Tissue DT, Hanson PJ, Norby RJ. 2002. Environmental and stomatal control of photosynthetic enhancement in the canopy of a sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L) plantation during three years of CO₂ enrichment. Plant Cell & Environment 25: 379-393. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Hanson PJ, O'Neill EG, Tschaplinski TJ, Weltzin JF, Hansen RT, Cheng W, Wullschleger SD, Gunderson CA, Edwards NT, Johnson DW. 2002. Net primary productivity of a CO₂-enriched deciduous forest and the implications for carbon storage. Ecological Applications 12: 1261-1266. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Tissue DT, Lewis JD, Wullschleger SD, Amthor JS, Griffin KL, Anderson OR. 2002. Leaf respiration at different canopy positions in sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) grown in ambient and elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide in the field. Tree Physiology 22: 1157-1166. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Wullschleger SD, Gunderson CA, Hanson PJ, Wilson KB, Norby RJ. 2002. Sensitivity of stomatal and canopy conductance to elevated CO₂ concentration -- interacting variables and perspectives of scale. New Phytologist 153: 485-496. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

2001
Norby RJ, Todd DE, Fults J, Johnson DW. 2001. Allometric determination of tree growth in a CO₂-enriched sweetgum stand. New Phytologist 150: 477-487. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Wullschleger SD, Norby RJ. 2001. Sap velocity and canopy transpiration for a 12-year-old sweetgum stand exposed to free-air CO₂ enrichment. New Phytologist 150: 489-498. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Background and Rationale for ORNL FACE

Norby RJ, Kobayashi K, Kimball BA. 2001. Rising CO₂ - future ecosystems. New Phytologist 150: 215-221. [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Wullschleger SD, Gunderson CA, Johnson DW, Ceulemans R. 1999. Tree responses to rising CO₂: Implications for the future forest. Plant, Cell and Environment 22: 683-714. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Syntheses and Compilations Using Data from the ORNL FACE Experiment

Franks PJ, Adams MA, Amthor JS, Barbour MM, Berry JA, Ellsworth DS, Farquhar GD, Ghannoum O, Lloyd J, McDowell N, Norby RJ, Tissue DT, von Caemmerer S. 2013. Sensitivity of plants to changing atmospheric CO₂ concentration: from the geological past to the next century. New Phytologist 197: 1077–1094.
Iversen CM, O'Brien SL. 2010. Organized Oral Session 3. Missing Links in the Root-Soil Organic Matter Continuum. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 91(1): pp. 54-64.
O'Brien SL, Iversen CM. 2009. Missing links in the root-soil organic matter continuum. New Phytologist 184: 513-516.
Hickler T, Smith B, Prentice IC, Mjofors K, Miller P, Arneth A, Sykes MT. 2008. CO₂ fertilization in temperate FACE experiments not representative of boreal and tropical forests. Global Change Biology 14: 1531-1542.

Franklin O. 2007. Optimal nitrogen allocation controls tree responses to elevated CO₂. New Phytologist 174: 811-822.

Hyvönen R, Ågren GI, Linder S, Persson T, Cotrufo MF, Ekblad A, Freeman M, Grelle A, Janssens IA, Jarvis PG, Kellomäki S, Lindroth A, Loustau D, Lundmark T, Norby RJ, Oren R, Pilegaard K, Ryan MG, Sigurdsson BD, Strömgren M, van Oijen M, Wallin G. 2007. The likely impact of elevated [CO₂], nitrogen deposition, increased temperature, and management on carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems. A literature review. New Phytologist 163: 463-480. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Körner C, Morgan J, Norby R. 2007. CO₂ fertilization When, where, how much? pp. 9-21 In Canadell JG, Pataki DE, Pitelka LF (eds) 'Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World', Springer, Berlin.

Mathews HD. 2007. Implications of CO₂ fertilization for future climate change in a coupled climate-carbon model. Global Change Biology 13: 1068-1078.

Nösberger J, Long SP, Norby RJ, Stitt M, Hendrey GR, Blum H (Eds.) 2006. Managed Ecosystems and CO₂: Case Studies, Processes, and Perspectives. Ecological Studies, Vol. 187. Springer, Berlin . 459 p.

DeLucia EH, Moore DJ, Hamilton JG, Thomas RB, Springer CJ, Norby RJ. 2005. The changing role of forests in the global carbon cycle: responding to elevated carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. pp. 179-214 In: Lal R, Duxbury J, Steward BA Hansen DO, eds. Climate Change and Global Food Security,CRC Press.

Hanson PJ, Wullschleger SD, Norby RJ, Tschaplinski TJ, Gunderson CA. 2005. Importance of changing CO₂ temperature, precipitation, and ozone on carbon and water cycles of an upland oak forest: incorporating experimental results into model simulations. Global Change Biology 11: 1402-1423.[abstract] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Joyce LA, Wullschleger SD. 2005. Modern and future forests in a changing atmosphere. pp. 394-414 In: Ehleringer JR, Cerling TE, Dearing MD, eds, A History of Atmospheric CO₂ and Its Effects on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems. Springer, New York .

Cotrufo MF, Drake B, Ehleringer JR. 2005. Palatability trials on hardwood leaf litter grown under elevated CO₂: a stable carbon isotope study. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37:1105-1112.

Norby RJ. 2004. Forest responses to a future CO₂-enriched atmosphere. pp. 158-159 In: W. Steffen et al. (eds.) Global Change and the Earth System: A Planet Under Pressure. Springer, Berlin.

BassiriRad H, Constable JVH, Lussenhop J, Kimball BA, Norby RJ, Oechel WC, Reich PB, Schlesinger WH, Zitzer S, Sehtiya HL, Silim S. 2003 Widespread foliage δ¹⁵N depletion under elevated CO₂: inferences for the nitrogen cycle. Global Change Biology 9: 1582-1590. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Reid CD, Maherali H, Johnson HB, Smith SD, Wullschleger SD, Johnson RB. 2003. On the relationship between stomatal characters and atmospheric CO₂. Geophysical Research Letters 30, NO. 19, 1983, doi:10.1029/2003GL017775. [full text in pdf]

Weltzin JF, Belote RT, Sanders NJ. 2003. Biological invaders in a greenhouse world: will elevated CO₂ fuel plant invasions? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1: 138-145.

Johnson DW, Norby RJ, Hungate BA. 2001. Effects of elevated CO₂ on nutrient cycling in forests. pp. 237-252 In: Karnosky DF, Ceulemans R, Scarascia-Mugnozza GE, Innes JL (eds.), The Impact of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases on Forest Ecosystems. CABI, Wallingford,UK.

Karnosky DF, Gielen B, Ceulemans R, Schlesinger WH, Norby RJ, Oksanen E, Matyssek R, Hendrey GR. 2001. FACE systems for studying the impacts of greenhouse gases on forest ecosystems. pp. 297-324 In: Karnosky DF, Ceulemans R, Scarascia-Mugnozza GE, Innes JL (eds.), The Impact of Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases on Forest Ecosystems. CABI, Wallingford, UK.

Griffin KL, Anderson OR, Gastrich MD, Lewis JD, Lin G, Schuster W, Seemann JR, Tissue DT, Turnbull MH, Whitehead D. 2001. Plant growth in elevated CO₂ alters mitochondrial number and chloroplast fine structure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 98: 2473-2478. [abstract and link to online publication]

Norby RJ, Jackson RB. 2000. Root dynamics and global change seeking an ecosystem perspective. New Phytologist 147: 3-12. [abstract and link to online publication] | [full text in pdf]

Norby RJ, Cotrufo MF, Ineson P, O'Neill EG, Canadell JG. 2001. Elevated CO₂, litter chemistry, and decomposition -- A synthesis. Oecologia 127: 153-165. [abstract] | [full text in pdf]

Dissertations and Theses

Hazareh T. 2008. The use of forest models to understand effects of elevated CO₂ on aboveground forest productivity. Masters thesis, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Iversen CM. 2008. Forest growth and carbon storage in a changing world: Causes and consequences of increased fine-root production in a CO₂-enriched sweetgum plantation. PhD Dissertation, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Natali SM. 2008. Effects of elevated CO₂ on trace metals in forest leaves and soils. PhD Dissertation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.

Belote RT. 2003. Effects of elevated CO₂ on a forest understory community dominated by two invasive plants. MS Thesis, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee.

Sholtis JD. 2002. Effects of elevated CO₂ on sweetgum ecophysiology. PhD Dissertation, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas

Posters and Presentations

Norby RJ. 2012. Model synthesis of data from free-air CO₂ enrichment experiments. Annual meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, CA, December 2012.
Norby RJ. 2012.Carbon-nitrogen interactions in CO₂-enriched ecosystems: An experimentalist's view on model-data integration. Distinguished Ecologist Lecture Series, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, October 2012.
Iversen CM , Keller JK , Garten CT Jr. 2011. The consequences of deeper rooting distributions under elevated [CO₂]: Testing a conceptual model. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Austin TX, August 2011. [abstract]
Norby RJ. 2011. Forest responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂: Lessons from FACE experiments. International Symposium on The Role of Ecological Institute, National Ecological Institute, Seoul, South Korea, September 2011.
Norby RJ. 2011. Forest NPP in FACE experiments. Workshop on Forest Sensitivity to CO₂, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, August, 2011.
Norby RJ. 2011. Forest responses to elevated CO₂: Lessons from a decades-long research program. Keynote address at International Scientific Conference, "Functions and Services of Biodiversity", University of Göttingen, Germany, June 2011
Norby RJ. 2011. Temperate Tree FACE Studies: Lessons from a decades-long research program. CO₂ Symposium, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama, March 2011.
Sánchez-de León Y, Gonzalez-Meler MA, Wise D, Lugo-Pérez J, Norby RJ. 2011. Seasonal influence over earthworm populations exposed to long-term elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide in a sweetgum plantation. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Austin TX, August 2011. [abstract]
Bader NE, Cheng W, Norby RJ, Johnson DW. 2010. Residence time of soil carbon after 11 years of elevated carbon dioxide at the Oak Ridge, Tennessee FACE site. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Pittsburgh PA, August 2010. [abstract]
Dietze M, Luo Y, Oren R, Prentice IC, Hanson PJ, Norby RJ. 2010. How well are we modeling forest responses to elevated CO₂? Results of the FACE/model inter-comparison project. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Pittsburgh PA, August 2010. [abstract]
Gonzalez-Meler MA, Sturchio NC, Sanchez-de Leon Y, Blanc-Betes E, Taneva L, Poghosyan A, Norby RJ, Filley TR, Guilderson TP, Welker JM. 2010. Radioisotope tracer approach for understanding the impacts of global change-induced pedoturbation on soil C dynamics. Abstract B41F-0383 presented at 2010 Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, CA December, 2010. [abstract]
Iversen CM. 2010. Digging deeper: Rooting distributions in CO₂-enriched forests. Fifth International Symposium on Physiological Processes in Roots of Woody Plants, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. August, 2010.
Iversen CM. 2010. At the root of the response: Carbon and nitrogen cycling in a CO₂-enriched deciduous forest. Biology Department, Hope College, Holland, MI.
Norby RJ. 2010. Where did the carbon go? The 12-year saga of the Oak Ridge FACE experiment. University of York, UK, March 2010
Norby RJ. 2010. Where did the carbon go? The 12-year saga of the Oak Ridge FACE experiment. University of Sheffield, UK, May 2010
Norby RJ, Warren JM, Iversen CM, Childs J, Bruno CM. 2010. Leaf and nitrogen distribution in sweetgum canopies after 12 years of CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Pittsburgh PA, August 2010. [abstract]
Warren JM, Norby RJ, Medlyn BE. 2010. Elevated CO₂ initially stimulates photosynthesis in sweetgum, but effects dissipate after a decade. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Pittsburgh PA, August 2010. [abstract]
Iversen CM, Jastrow JD, Norby RJ. 2009. Transfer of carbon and nitrogen from decomposing roots into different soil organic matter fractions. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, August 2009. [abstract]
Masiello CA, Hockaday WC, Gallagher ME, Baldock JA, McSwiney C, Robertson GP, Norby RJ. Basic solid state NMR techniques in the biogeosciences. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, August 2009.[abstract]
Norby RJ. 2009. Long-term data from FACE experiments provide a benchmark for ecosystem response models. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, August 2009. [abstract]
Warren JM, Norby RJ, Wullschleger SD. 2009. Long-term dynamics of site water use in a temperate sweetgum forest exposed to elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, August 2009. [abstract]
Classen AT, Iversen CM, Guthrie CR, Norby RJ. 2008. Elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations do not alter net nitrogen mineralization rates in a CO2 enriched sweetgum forest. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August 2008. [abstract] | Presentation in pdf

Iversen CM, Ledford J, Norby RJ. 2008. Increased carbon and nitrogen input from fine roots in a CO₂-enriched deciduous forest: Implications for soil carbon storage and nitrogen cycling. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August 2008. [abstract] | Presentation in pdf (3.5 Mb)

McMurtrie, Norby RJ. 2008. The decline of NPP at a forest FACE experiment is associated with increasing nitrogen limitation. Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, Cairns, Australia, July 2008. [abstract] | Presentation in pdf (3.5 Mb)

Natali SM, Lerdau M. 2008. Effects of elevated CO₂ and nitrogen fertilization on nitrate reductase activity in Pinus taeda and Liquidambar styraciflua. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee , Wisconsin , August 2008. [abstract]

Norby RJ, Warren JM, Iversen CM, Medlyn BE, McMurtrie RE, Hoffman FM. 2008. Nitrogen limitation is reducing the enhancement of NPP by elevated CO₂ in a deciduous forest. Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., B32B-05.  Presentation in pdf

Norby RJ, Iversen CM, Warren JM, Classen AT, McMurtrie R. 2008.Ten-year record of forest response to elevated CO₂ provides evidence for declining NPP and growth. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee , Wisconsin , August 2008. [abstract] | Presentation in pdf (1.4 Mb)

Sanchez-de Leon Y, Gonzalez-Meler M, Wise DH, Norby RJ. 2008. Earthworm populations and feeding habits under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide in a sweetgum plantation. . Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee , Wisconsin , August 2008. [abstract]

Warren JM, Norby RJ, Wullschleger SD. 2008. Hydro-physiological response to drought by trees developed under elevated CO2. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August 2008. [abstract]

Iversen CM, Norby RJ, Classen AT. 2007. At the root of the response: How will increased fine-root input affect soil C and N cycling under scenarios of elevated CO₂? Soil Ecology Society Meeting, Moab, Utah, April 2007. abstract

Iversen CM, Norby RJ, Classen AT. 2006. Changes in fine-root quantity and quality with elevated CO₂: Implications for decomposition and N cycling. Annual meeting, Ecological Society of America, Memphis, Tennessee, August, 2006. [abstract] | Poster in pdf

McMurtrie R, Medlyn B, Barton C, Conroy J, Eamus D, Linder S, Norby R, Parsby J. 2006. Modeling multi-factor interactions in CO₂-enrichment experiments. Annual meeting, Ecological Society of America, Memphis, Tennessee, August, 2006. >[abstract]

Norby R, Finzi A, DeLucia E, Ceulemans R, Gielen B. 2006. Nitrogen uptake and net primary productivity in four forest FACE experiments. Annual meeting, Ecological Society of America, Memphis, Tennessee, August, 2006. [abstract] | Presentation in pdf

Trueman RJ, Gunderson C, Norby RJ, Oleynik SA, Wullschleger SD, Yakir D, Gonzalez-Meler MA. 2005. The respiration-to-photosynthesis ratio of intact forests exposed to elevated CO₂> concentration. Eos Trans. AGU, 86(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract B13B-04 [abstract]

Norby RJ, Iversen CM. 2005. Nitrogen-use efficiency of a sweetgum forest in elevated CO₂>. Annual meeting, Ecological Society of America, Montreal , Canada , August, 2005. [abstract] | Powerpoint poster

Iversen CM, Norby RJ, Gunderson CA. 2005. Nitrogen-limitation and the potential for long-term effects on production and carbon storage in a CO₂--enriched forest. Annual meeting, Ecological Society of America, Montreal , Canada , August, 2005. [abstract] | Powerpoint poster

Norby RJ. 2005. Forests in a CO₂-rich world: Old questions, new challenges. Keynote address, International Botanical Congress, Vienna , Austria , July 2005. Powerpoint presentation (11.7 Mb pdf file)

Iversen CM, Norby RJ. 2005. Nitrogen-limitation and the potential for long-term effects on production and carbon storage in a CO₂--enriched forest. Soil Ecology Society Meeting, Argonne, IL, May 2005.Powerpoint poster

Iversen CM, Norby RJ. 2005. Nitrogen distribution and dynamics in a CO₂-enriched deciduous forest: Will N limitation preclude a sustained productivity response? TERACC Workshop, Modeling Ecosystem Responses to Global Change: Techniques and Recent Advances, Fort Myers, FL, January 2005.

Jastrow, J.D., S.L. O'Brien, K.J. Dria, K.K. Moran, T.R. Filley, and T.W. Boutton. 2004. Nature and dynamics of carbon accrued in a forest soil during five years of atmospheric CO₂ enrichment, Eos Trans. AGU, 85(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract B51E-03. [abstract]

Schadt CW, Vilgalys R, Norby R, Zhou J. 2004. Diversity of microbial genes involved in nitrogen cycling, methanogenesis and methane consumption at two forested free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) sites in the southeastern United States . Poster presentation, American Society for Microbiology Annual meeting, New Orleans , LA , May 2004. Poster (pdf file)

Norby RJ. 2004. Dynamic responses of forests trees to CO₂ fertilization: will the stimulation persist? Symposium, "CO₂ fertilization: boon or bust", AAAS annual meeting, Seattle, WA, February 2004. Powerpoint presentation (3.2 Mb pdf file)

DeLucia EH, Moore DJ, Hamilton J, Finzi A, Pippen J, Schlesinger WH, Norby RJ. 2003. The changing role of forests in the global carbon cycle: Responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂. American Geophysical Union Annual Meeting, San Francisco , CA , December 2003.

Norby RJ. 2003. CO₂ enrichment of a closed-canopy deciduous forest. Land Open Science Conference, Morelia, Mexico , December 2003.

Belote, T and J. Weltzin. 2003. Forest understory community responses to elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Savannah, GA, August 2003. [abstract]

Norby, R.J., S.S. Jawdy, J. Ledford, J.D. Sholtis and D.W. Johnson. 2003. Increased nitrogen uptake supports higher NPP but not carbon storage in CO₂> -enriched sweetgum trees. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Savannah, GA, August 2003. [abstract] | Powerpoint presentation (7.5 Mb)

Zak, D.R., W.E. Holmes, A.C. Finzi, R.J. Norby, and W.H. Schlesinger. 2003 Soil Nitrogen Cycling Under Elevated CO₂ : A Synthesis of Forest FACE Experiments. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Savannah, GA, August 2003. [abstract]

Norby, RJ. 2003. Interactions between increasing CO₂> and temperature in terrestrial ecosystems: a conceptual framework. TERACC workshop, "Interactions Between Increasing CO₂ and Temperature in Terrestrial Ecosystems", Lake Tahoe, CA, April, 2003. Powerpoint presentation (1.3 Mb)

Norby, R. J., and S. Hattenschwiler. 2002. Morphological Adjustments to Elevated CO₂ Are there compensatory responses that improve water relations? ESF/GCTE workshop on "CO₂ and Water", Basel, Switzerland, August, 2002.

Norby, R. J. and J. Sholtis. 2002. Elevated CO₂ does not alter LAI of a forest stand. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, August 2002. [abstract] | Powerpoint presentation (10.4 Mb)

George, K., R. J. Norby and E.H. DeLucia. 2002. Maintenance, growth and nitrogen-uptake respiration of loblolly pine and sweetgum fine roots growing in elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, August 2002. [abstract]

Nesbit, A.D., J.D. Sholtis, and D.T. Tissue. 2002. Variations in sweetgum tree (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) leaf ultra-structure after exposure to elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, August 2002. [abstract] | Powerpoint poster (5.4 Mb)

Sinsabaugh, R.L., D.R. Zak, J. Larsen, M.P. Osgood. 2002. Soil microbial responses at three contrasting CO₂ enrichment sites. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, August 2002. [abstract] | Powerpoint presentation (5.8 Mb)

Belote, R. T., J. F. Weltzin, and R. J. Norby. 2002. Plant communities, exotic invaders, and the role of elevated CO₂ Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Tucson, AZ, August 2002. [abstract]

Belote, R. T., J. F. Weltzin, and R. J. Norby. 2002. What are the effects of elevated CO₂ on a plant community dominated by two invasive plants? Annual meeting, Association of Southeastern Biologists, Boone, NC, April, 2002. [abstract]

Norby, R. J. 2001. Modern and Future Forest Ecosystems. Symposium on "History of Atmospheric CO₂ and the Impacts on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems", Snowbird, Utah, December, 2001. [abstract] | [Powerpoint presentation (8.3 Mb)] | [symposium site]

Norby, R. J. 2001. Forest Sensitivity to Elevated Atmospheric CO₂ and its Relevance to Carbon Management. Workshop on " Forest management and Global Change: Near-Term Decisions and Long-Term Outcomes". Aspen Global Change Institute, Aspen, CO, October 2001. [extended abstract] | [Powerpoint presentation (5.2 Mb)]

Norby, R. J., Cotrufo, M. F., Ineson, P., O'Neill, E. G. and Canadell, J. G. 2001. The GCTE Synthesis of Litter Chemistry and Decomposition in Elevated CO₂. Global Change Open Science Conference, Amsterdam , the Netherlands, July, 2001. [abstract] | [Powerpoint poster (7.7 Mb)]

Norby, R. J., Körner, Ch. and Pataki, D. E. 2001. The GCTE Elevated CO₂ Network. Global Change Open Science Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, July, 2001. [abstract] | [Powerpoint poster (6.5 Mb)]

Edwards, N. T. 2001. Respiration response of mature sweetgum stems to CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, August, 2001. [abstract] | [Powerpoint poster (13.5 Mb)]

Gunderson, C. A. and J. D. Sholtis. 2001. Impacts of environmental variation on photosynthetic enhancement in a forest exposed to atmospheric CO₂> enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, August, 2001.[abstract] | [Poster(4.2 Mb)]

Norby R. J., E. G. O'Neill, C. A.Gunderson, and P. J. Hanson. 2001. Net primary productivity increases but not biomass increment in a closed-canopy forest stand exposed to elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, August, 2001. [abstract]

Sholtis, J. D., C. A. Gunderson, R. J. Norby and D. T. Tissue. 2001. Effects of canopy position on the photosynthetic response of sweetgum leaves to free-air CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, August, 2001.

Sanders, N. J., J. F. Weltzin, R. T. Belote, and R. J. Norby. 2001. What are the combined effects of global climate change and biological invasions on insect community structure? Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, August, 2001. [abstract] | [Powerpoint presentation (1.3 Mb)]

Weltzin, J. F., R.J. Norby, and L.M. Thomas. 2001. Production of invasive plants in response to elevated CO₂ in a closed-canopy, deciduous forest. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, August, 2001. [abstract]

Johnson, D.W., R.J. Norby, W. Cheng, J.D. Joslin, D.E. Todd, N.T. Edwards, and E.G. O'Neill. 2000. Effects of elevated CO2 on nutrient cycling in a sweetgum plantation. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, August 2000. [abstract]

Sholtis, J. D., C. A. Gunderson, D. T. Tissue. 2000. Seasonal changes in the photosynthetic response of an 11-year-old sweetgum stand in the second year of CO₂ enrichment at a FACE site in the southeastern United States. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, August, 2000. [abstract]

Tissue, D. T., J. D. Lewis, S. D. Wullschleger, K. L. Griffin, and O. R. Anderson. 2000. Leaf respiration in sweetgum Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, August, 2000. [abstract]

Gunderson, C. A., S. J. Schweitzer, J. D. Sholtis, D. T. Tissue, and R. J. Norby. 1999. Increased photosynthesis and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency throughout a closed-canopy sweetgum stand in the first year of CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Spokane, WA, August, 1999. [abstract]

King, A. W., R. J. Norby, C. A. Gunderson, and S. D. Wullschleger. 1999. Modeling canopy nitrogen distribution and photosynthetic response to elevated CO₂. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Spokane, WA, August, 1999. [abstract]

Norby R. J. 1999. Increased basal area increment of a closed-canopy sweetgum stand in the first year of CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Spokane, WA, August, 1999. [abstract]

Sholtis, J., C. Gunderson, D. Tissue, and R. Norby. 1999. Photosynthetic response of deciduous trees in a Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment (FACE) environment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Spokane, WA, August, 1999. [abstract]
Wullschleger, S. D. and R. J. Norby. 1999. Stomatal conductance and sap velocity for a closed-canopy sweetgum stand exposed to free-air CO₂ enrichment. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Spokane, WA, August, 1999. [abstract]